牛津实用英语语法 229 间接引语中的条件句
A 条件句类型1的基本形式在这里时态的变化遵循通常的规律:
He said,%26lsquo;If I catch the plane I%26rsquo;ll be home by five.%26rsquo;
他说:%26ldquo;我如果能赶上这班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。%26rdquo;相当于:
He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
他说他如果能赶上那班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。
条件句类型2的基本形式在这里时态不变:
%26lsquo;If I had a permit I could get a job,%26rsquo;he said.
他说:%26ldquo;如果我有许可证就能找到工作。%26rdquo;相当于:
He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.
他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。
条件句类型3的基本形式在这里时态不变:
%26lsquo;If she had loved Tom,%26rsquo; he said,%26lsquo;she wouldn%26rsquo;t have left him.%26rsquo;
他说:%26ldquo;如果她喜欢汤姆,就不会离开他。%26rdquo;相当于:
He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn%26rsquo;t have left him.
他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。
B 关于if从句+命令或者要求在间接引语中的例句(参见第320节与第321节):
He said,%26lsquo;If you have time wash the floor.%26rsquo;
他说:%26ldquo;如果你有时间,擦一擦地板。%26rdquo;
He said,%26lsquo;If you have time would you wash the floor?%26rsquo;
他说:%26ldquo;如果你有时间,你能擦一擦地板吗?%26rdquo;相当于:
He told/asked me to wash the floor if I had time.
他叫/要我有时间的话擦一擦地板。
He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor.
他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。
%26lsquo;If you see Ann ask her to ring me,%26rsquo;he said.
他说:%26ldquo;如果你遇到安,叫她给我打个电话。%26rdquo;相当于:
He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him.
他说如果我看到安,告诉她给他打个电话。(这里如用 ask+不定式结构就变得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)
Peter(on phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi.
彼得(在打电话):如果你们误了末班车,就雇一辆出租汽车。
Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi.
彼得说如果我们误了末班车就雇一辆出租汽车。
(关于if you would%26hellip;表示要求,参见第284节F。)
C 关于在间接引语中的if从句+劝告的表示法:
%26lsquo;If you feel ill,%26rsquo;she said,%26lsquo;why don%26rsquo;t you go to bed?%26rsquo;/%26lsquo;%26hellip;you%26rsquo;d bet- ter go to bed.%26rsquo;
她说:%26ldquo;如果你感到不舒服为什么不躺一下?%26rdquo;/%26hellip;你最好上床休息。
She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill.
她劝我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。
She said that if I felt ill I%26rsquo;d better/I should go to bed.
她说如果我感到不舒服了我最好/应当上床休息。
%26lsquo;If I were you I%26rsquo;d stop taking pills,%26rsquo;she said.
她说:%26ldquo;如果我是你的话,我就停止吃药。%26rdquo;相当于:
She advised me to stop taking pills.
她劝我停止吃药。
D if从句+疑问句结构在间接引语中通常把if从句置于句末:
%26lsquo;If the baby is a girl what will they call her?%26rsquo; he wondered.
他心里想:%26ldquo;如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字?%26rdquo;相当于:
He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl.
他心里想,如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字。
%26lsquo; If the door is locked what shall I do?%26rsquo; she asked.
她问道:%26ldquo;如果门锁了我该怎么办?%26rdquo;相当于:
She asked what she would do if the door was locked.
她问如果门锁了她该怎么办。
